Authentication and infrastructure
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What should I know about the SPF record string character limit?
Sender Policy Framework (SPF) records have a 255 character string limit in Domain Name System (DN...
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What is the difference between SenderID and SPF?
Sender Policy Framework (SPF) and SenderID are almost identical; however, they look at the domain...
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Including IP addresses in your SPF record
An SPF record is your way of telling mailbox providers which IP addresses or domains are authoriz...
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Are SenderID records still being validated?
No. Microsoft no longer validates SenderID records, so there is no need to add SenderID records t...
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DKIM signing and verification overview
Domain Keys Identified Mail (DKIM) is one of the authentication methods used by mailbox providers...
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DKIM DNS record overview
Your DKIM record is usually configured within DNS for your domain by your company’s IT profession...
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How to set up DKIM
Domain Keys Identified Mail (DKIM) is one of the authentication methods used by mailbox providers...
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How many bits should DomainKeys Identified Mail (DKIM) keys be?
DomainKeys Identified Mail (DKIM) keys should be a minimum of 1024 bits. In January 2013, Gmail s...
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DKIM signature header detail
The DKIM signature header field is a special header placed into each email message containing inf...
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Troubleshooting DKIM
The success of DomainKeys Identified Mail (DKIM) authentication verification depends on both the ...
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How to generate DKIM keys
You can use DKIM wizards to generate your DKIM public and private key pair. There are a lot of DK...
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How are DomainKeys Identified Mail (DKIM) and DomainKeys different?
DomainKeys Identified Mail (DKIM) and DomainKeys differ in several ways: DKIM offers multiple si...
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What is Domain-based Message Authentication Reporting and Conformance (DMARC)?
Domain-based Message Authentication, Reporting and Conformance (DMARC) is a technical specificati...
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How to set up a DMARC record
We suggest you set up a Domain-based Message Authentication Reporting and Conformance (DMARC) rec...
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How can I lookup my DMARC record?
Either of the DMARC lookup tools below are helpful if you are unsure if you currently have a DMAR...
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Can I implement DMARC even though I do not sign messages with DKIM?
Yes, you can rely solely on Sender Policy Framework (SPF) while implementing Domain-based Message...
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Is a Domain-based Message Authentication, Reporting, and Conformance (DMARC) record on a parent domain inherited by its sub-domains?
Yes, the default behavior for a domain's Domain-based Message Authentication, Reporting, and Conf...
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How to ensure your DMARC record is not inherited by a domain's sub-domains
There are two different tactics to take if you do not want the same policy level on a parent doma...
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Can I have multiple reporting addresses in my DMARC record?
Yes, you can have multiple reporting addresses in your DMARC record. According to the DMARC speci...
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What is DomainKeys Identified Mail (DKIM) alignment for DMARC?
Domain alignment is important for Domain-based Message Authentication, Reporting & Conformance (D...
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What is Sender Policy Framework (SPF) alignment for DMARC?
Domain alignment is important for Domain-based Message Authentication, Reporting & Conformance (D...
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How often do mailbox providers send DMARC reports?
Domain-based Message Authentication, Reporting, and Conformance (DMARC) aggregate reports are us...
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What are the different tags of a DMARC record?
There are many tags you can include in your Domain-based Message Authentication Reporting and Con...
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What is a dynamic IP address and why should you avoid using one for sending marketing and transactional email?
A dynamic IP address is assigned to a device on a network, such as a personal computer or phone, ...
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How does email forwarding affect authentication results?
The Domain-Based Message Authentication, Reporting, and Conformance (DMARC) authentication standa...
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What is an open relay and how do I close one?
An open relay is an improperly configured Simple Transfer Mail Protocol (SMTP) server allowing th...
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What is an open proxy and how do I configure my servers to avoid it?
An open proxy is a server that acts as a "middle-man" for requests from one server or network to ...
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What is the difference between the Mail From (MFrom) address and the From address?
The key differences between the Mail From (MFrom) address and the From address include: The send...
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Do SMTP servers reject email if the rDNS does not match the HELO?
Some Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) servers are configured to reject your email if the reve...
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How long does a Domain Name System (DNS) change need to take effect?
Domain Name System (DNS) changes typically take up to 24 hours to take effect. It is the projecte...